Przedphotoshopowe fotosztuczki z XIX wieku

Równie szybko, jak fotografia została udostępniona szerokim masom, zaczęto się bawić formą i stosować różne sztuczki. Zabawy te opisuje serwis Mashable.com.

Fot. mashable.com

Fot. mashable.com

Jedną z pierwszych sztuczek było nakładanie dwóch ujęć na dagerotypach, co pozwalało uzyskać „efekt humorystyczny”.

Retusz i jego wszelkie odnogi szybko wkradł się do fotografii, urozmaicając dostępne w owym czasie techniki.

Gdy nie było Photoshopa, zdjęcia były retuszowane ręcznie. Używano w tym celu farb, tuszu, a nowe kompozycje składano w ciemni z fragmentów innych zdjęć.

Wszystko to wymagało zegarmistrzowskiej precyzji, cierpliwości i zdolności artystycznych.

Fot. mashable.com

Fot. mashable.com

W fotografii krajobrazowej, jeśli trzeba było poradzić sobie z prześwietlonym obrazem, nakładano różne zdjęcia, wybierając z nich te „poprawne” fragmenty kompozycji.

Znane były również zdjęcia z „duchami”, w których – dla uzyskania upiornego efektu – nakładano kilkanaście ujęć.

Fot. mashable.com

Fot. mashable.com

Manipulacje te były również stosowane w reklamach różnorakich produktów, a także przez środowiska artystyczne – głównie surrealistów.

Najbardziej kontrowersyjne było wykorzystywanie manipulacji do celów politycznych i propagandowych. Pojawiały się na przykład fotografie ze spotkań, które się nigdy nie odbyły.

Fot. mashable.com

Fot. mashable.com

 

Źródło:

Mashable.com

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